Improved magneto-electric machine



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. W. BEARDSLEE.

Magneto Electric Machine. v

No. 26,557. Patented Dec. 27, 1859.

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2 SheetsSheet 2. G.,W. BEARDSLEE.

Magneto-Electric Machine.

, Patented Dec. 27,- 1859.

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N- PETE, PHOTO-LITHOGRPHER, WASHIKGTON, D G.

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71 1272 WWW J hge in a solution for electroplating or for any othervibratin g conductor to the terminal wire of the UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

IMPROVED MAGNETO- ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification forming part oi Letters Patent No. 26,557, dated December27, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, GEORGE W BEARDSLEE, of the town of Flushing, CollegePoint, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Magneto-Electric Machines, whichI denominate a Pole-Changer and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in whichFigure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a cross verticalsection taken on the line A a of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 a horizontal sectiontaken at the line B b of Fig. 2.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

My said invention relates to a mechanism for changing the direction ofthe currents which are delivered from and returned to a magnetoelectricmachine, and which are induced alternately in opposite directions, andthereby to cause them to pass to and through a conductor in one and thesame direction, as if induced by a galvanic battery; and my inven-. tionconsists in the employment of two oppositely-vibratin g conductorsinsulated from each other, simultaneously operated by thealternately-reversed currents from a magneto-electric machine, whichconductors vibrate between two sets of conductors, each set of which isconnected with one of the terminal wires of a magneto-electric machine,so that each vibration shall break the connection between one of thevibrating conductors and one of the terminal wires and establish theconnection with the other terminal wire of the machine, and vice versawith the other vibrating conductor, and connecting the said vibratingconductors with other terminal wires to be used for transmitting thecurrent to be used, whether purpose for which and in the same manner inwhich a current excited by a battery is generally used, and thenreturning such current to the magneto-electric machine, by means ofwhich mode of operation the currents, coming from the machinealternately in opposite directions, are delivered to one of thevibrating conductors alternately from one and then from the otherterminal wire of the magneto-electric machine, and all of them deliveredfrom such pole-changer connected therewith, and hence in the samedirection, and returned by the other terminal wire to the othervibrating conductor, to be returned to the magneto-electric machinealternately along one and then along the other of its terminals.

In the accompanying drawings, A is the bed, and B B two pairs of helicesconnected with one or more helices of a magneto-electric ma chine. Theoutside wire, h, of one of the two coils B B is to be connected in anywell-known manner with one of the terminal wires of one or more helices,of a magneto-electric machine, and the inside wire, a, of the helices Bis connected with the inside wire of the other B, and then thelast-named helix B is connected with one of the helices B by the outsidewire, j, and the inside wire, t", of the two helices B B. To completethe circuit, the outside wire of the latter helix B is connected withthe other terminal wire, 71/, of any one or more helices of the machine.By reason of these connections the armatures or cores of these helicesare rendered magnetic with the poles alternately changed,

.as in the magneto-electric machine. The armatures or cores of thesehelices are separated, as represented, and in the space between themhang the poles of a permanent magnet, c c. This magnet is suspended,pendulum-like, to an arbor, D, the journals or pivots of which work insuitable boxes in standards k is. As the poles are alternately changedin the armatures or cores of the helices, this magnet 0 will bealternately attracted and repelled, and by that means will be vibratedas rapidly as the poles are changed.

The arbor D carries a lever, a a, to the ends of which are attached twometallic conductors, I) b, carefully insulated, so that the currentsshall not pass from these conductors along the lever.

Each conductor is provided at top and bot tom with a metallic spring,(I, which is prevented, by a bridle or check, from springing out beyonda certain extent, but which can yield toward the conductors b b to theextent of the vibration, and above and below the springs 61 d arevplacedthe points or screws tapped in standards f f and g g; and the screws areso adjusted that when the spring on top of one conductor b is in contactwith its corresponding screw the other is not, so that the vibration ofthe magnet c alternately effects and breaks this contact, and so withthe spring d d under the conductors with reference to the screws in thestandards f f.

The sole purpose of the springs is to ease oh" the shocks of thealternate contacts and to cause the contacts to continue longer. Iprefer to make the springs of silver and to tip the screws with platina.

The metallic standards f f and g g pass through the bed of the machine,and below the bed they are formed each with an eye and set-screw for theconvenience of inserting and removing the conducting-wires; and, again,the conductors b I) carry springs O O, the opposite ends of which areconnected with metallic standards 6 c, which, like the other standards,f f and g 9, pass through the bed and are formed for the reception ofconducting-wires. Instead, the conductors b b may carry bent wiresdipping in mercury-cups in the upper ends of the standards 0 e, as theobject is to maintain the contact during the vibrations of theconductors.

It may be well to observe that all the standards should be insulatedfrom each other and from all other parts of the machine.

The terminal wire l(or wires from any desired number of helices) of themagneto-electric machine is connected with both of the standards f g,and the other terminal wire, 1, from the other helices is in like mannerconnected with the standards g f.

a To the standards 0 c, which may be termed the terminal conductors ofthe pole-changer, are attached conducting-wires n n, to carry thecurrent of electricity wherever wanted, such as a vessel containing asolution for electroplating or for any purpose to which a batterycurrentcan be applied. When these two wires n n are connected by any mediumwhich is a conductor, the electric currents induced by the machine, andwhich are there induced in opposite directions, will be so changed bythe polechanger as to pass through the terminal conductors e e and wiresn n always in the same direction.

The result above indicated is produced by the mode of operation of thepole-changer, which is as follows, viz: When a current passes from themagneto-electric machine along the conducting-wire h, magnetism will beinduced in the armatures or cores of the helices B B, and by reason ofthe connection of the wires the inner extremity of one will be a northand the other a south pole, while in the opposite helices they will bethe reverse, and in consequence the magnet 0 will be carried by thejoint forces of attraction and repulsion toward the pair of helices B B.At the same time a like current passes along the terminal wire I, whichis connected with the standards f g. The movement of the magnet a justdescribed by the mechanical connections brought down the conductor bonto the point of the screw of the standard g and separated the otherconductor, b, rom the standard f and put it in connection with the screwof the standard f. Now, it will be observed that the current induced inthe terminal wire Z and traveling from the machine, as indicated by thearrow 1, passes up the standard 9 into the conductor I), and, not beingable to pass along the lever a by reason of the insulation, it passesthrough the conductor [2, along the spring 0, down the standard 0 to theterminal wire it of the pole-changer, thence through the medium on whichit is to act (such as a vat containing a solution) to the oppositeterminal wire, it, up the standard 0 and spring 0 to the otherconductor, 1), on the other end of the lever a, which is in contact withthe screw of the standardf, and along this to the other terminal wire,I, and along that wire in the direction of the arrow 2 back to themachine. The moment the magnets of the magneto-electric machine pass theneutral point between the helices that is to say, when the magnets aremidway between the helicesthe current is reversed and passes from themachine along the terminal wire Z in the direction of the arrow 3, andat the same instant of time passes along the terminal wire h, reversingthe polarity of the armatures or cores of the helices B B and B B andmoving the magnet c to the opposite side, which separates the conductorI) on the lever a from contact with the screw of the standard f and putsthe other conductor, b, at the other end of the lever a in contact withthe screw of the standard g, at the same time separating thisconductor 1) from the screw of the standard g and putting the oppositeconductor, b, in connection with the screw of the standard f. Thereversed current, passing along the terminal wire 1 in the direction ofthe arrow 3, passes up the standard 9,- but the connection between thescrew of g and the conductor 1) having been broken by the vibration ofthe magnet c, the current can go no farther in that direction, butpasses from the standard 9 through the cond uctor 11, along the spring 0to the standard 0, to and along the terminal wire it of the pole-changerin the same direction as before, and thence through the medium in whichit is to act to and along the other terminal, a, up to the standard 0,through the spring G, and along this to the conductor b, which, being incontact with the screw of the standard f, passes down this standard toand along the terminal wire 1, in the direction of the arrow 4, back tothe machine, and although this returning current is in connection withand can pass up the standard f, it cannot go beyond, because for thetime being the contact with the conductor 1) is broken. In this way itwill be seen that, although the current from the machine alternatelytravels in opposite directions by means of this mechanism, the whole ofit is carried through the medium in which it is desired to act, and atall times in the same direction as if induced or excited by a battery.

The use of springs for maintaining the contact with the standards e e, Iprefer; but it will be obvious that wires dipping in mercury clips orother movable joints which will maintain a metallic or conductingcontact may be substituted; and the standards e e themselves may besubstituted by other means of forming the connection between theterminal wires of the pole-changer and the vibrating conductors b b, andso with the other standards, for which other equivalent means of holdingmetallic it conductors in proper relation to the vibrating conductors bb may be used; and it will be obvious that, instead of vibrating theconductors b b and having the two series of conductors from theterminals of the magneto-electric machine stationary, these parts may beinverted by making the former stationary and the latter vibratory; andalthough I have described the vibratory conductors as being operated atthe proper periods by two pairs of helices acting on to vibrate amagnet, I do not wish to limit myself to the use of this, as

the same kind of result, although not so good, in my judgment, may beobtained by any of the well-known modes of vibrating an armature by anelectro-magnet.

I have not described my said invention as being attached to the frame ofa magneto-electric machine, as it can be used either attached to or atany distance from such machine, so long as the two are connected byconductors in the manner described.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The mode of operation of the pole-changer by which the current is madeto travel in the same direction, substantially as described.

GEO. W. BEARDSLEE.

Witnesses:

ANDREW DE LAGY, WM. H. BISHOP.

